As new, better treatments for symptomatic bacterial vaginosis (sBV) become available, it is critical to determine whether women with asymptomatic BV (aBV) should also be treated, in order to prevent sequelae such as STI or HIV acquisition. If the vaginal microenvironment is shown to be identical in women with sBV and aBV, this will be an important initial step demonstrating that aBV is a condition that should not be ignored, and will galvanize further studies to define aBV, STI and HIV risk, and advance treatment. This is a secondary analysis leveraging existing data from a previously funded study (NIAID R01-AI116799, PI: Brotman) for which 16S rRNA gene amplicon, metabolomic, and immunologic profiles have already been generated from cervicovaginal lavage samples collected in the NIH's Longitudinal Study of Vaginal Flora. Information gained through this proposed study will provide foundational data to better define aBV, and to determine whether future studies to define the risk of HIV and STI acquisition associated with aBV, or studies of aBV treatment as a method to prevent HIV and STIs are needed. This resubmission application is in response to a program announcement (PAR-20-291) which is designed for Exploratory and Developmental Research Grant Program for NIAID K-award Recipients. It will provide career development for the PI to transition to research independence with a highly feasible and valuable clinical research project focused on the vaginal microbiome and women's health.