What is astigmatism?

Astigmatism is a type of refractive error that usually presents at birth. An abnormal shape of the cornea or lens causes two focal points in two locations, making objects up close and at a distance appear blurry. Astigmatism may occur at the same time as nearsightedness or farsightedness.

Symptoms of Astigmatism

• Problems with focusing and seeing details at any distance
• Blurred vision
• Headaches
• Eyestrain
• Squinting

Diagnosis of Astigmatism

Astigmatism can be diagnosed during a general eye exam by:

• A visual acuity test to measure vision at distances
• A refraction test to determine the correct prescription for glasses
• A slit-lamp exam to assess the structures of the eyes
• Corneal imaging (mapping) to evaluate the shape of the cornea (corneal topography or tomography)

Treatment Options for Astigmatism

• Eyeglasses
• Contact lenses
• Corneal based corrective laser surgery, such as laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) or photorefractive keratectomy (PRK)
• Lens-based surgery using a special intraocular lens implant

Consult with your eye doctor during routine exams to evaluate your risk for developing astigmatism and to discuss any next steps.