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Division of General Internal Medicine

Phenotypic Variables

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Detailed information is available on each class of phenotypic variables listed below. The phenotypes range from biomarkers to imaging and detailed incident disease information.

Criteria for adjudicating coronary disease outcomes is available beneath the table on a PDF attachmement. Please inquire for the numbers available for each phenotype as it may vary. Please address phenotype inquiries to [email protected] with a copy to [email protected]. 

General Category Brief List of Phenotypic Variables
Sociodemographic variables Age, sex, race (self-report US census codes), marital status, employment status, residence, education
Medical history Chronic and acute conditions; symptom check list (acute and chronic); current medications
Physical examination Cardiac and chest auscultation, systems examination; xanthomas
Blood lipid concentrations Total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol. NMR spectroscopy for particle size, VAP
Glucose and insulin concentrations Fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin; HOMA-IR, QUICKI
Inflammatory cytokines hs-CRP, IL-6, IL-1Beta, MMP-9, MCP-1, ICAM, VCAM
Thrombosis and hemostasis factors PAI-1, fibrinogen, Lp(a)
Platelet function Aggregation, slope and lag time to ADP, epinephrine, collagen, arachidonic acid at different doses, pre and post Aspirin in whole blood and PRP. PFA-100. Urinary thromboxane metabolite. (over 400 platelet function phenotypes)- please inquire for full list
Blood counts WBC, RBC, platelet count, hematocrit, hemoglobin, RDW
Anthropometrics Waist, height, weight, BMI
Lifestyle risk factors Physical activity, diet, smoking
Vascular properties Brachial artery reactivity (flow-mediated dilatation), arterial stiffness, carotid distensibility, aortic pulse wave velocity, pulse pressure
Blood pressure Resting, post exercise, during exercise
Peripheral arterial disease Resting and post exercise ankle brachial blood pressures (ABI); PAD diagnosis
Coronary artery calcification (CAC) Helical CT, Agatston Scores
Coronary CT angiography (with contrast) Calcified and uncalcified plaque, percent stenosis, plaque volumetrics
Exercise Stress testing Maximal symptom limited treadmill testing, MET, exercise electrocardiogram (ischemia). serial blood pressure measurements, post exercise ABI
Exercise nuclear perfusion imaging Single Photon Emission Tomography (SPECT), using thallium-201 or sestamibi
Occult cerebrovascular disease Cranial MRA, MRI, white matter disease volumetrics, lacunes, brain volumes, ARIC/CHS visual analogue scores
Incident cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease events Coronary disease (acute coronary syndromes, stable syndromes), interventions for CAD, stroke, TIA, PAD
Mental stress. other physiologic stress Stroop color word test, cold pressor testing, heart rate variability (imited N)
Psychological factors General Well-being Schedule (anxiety, depression, somaticism, chronic stress/distress), social support, religiosity, cultural identity (African Americans)